5^th World Congress on Petrochemistry and Chemical Engineering December 05-07, 2016 Phoenix, Arizona, USA

Biography:

Valery Khabashesku has earned his professorial Doctor of Science degree and doctoral C.Sc. degree from the Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences in Moscow, Russia, and M.Sc. degree in chemistry from Lomonosov Moscow State University. He has been a faculty member in Chemistry Department at Rice University and the Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering at the University of Houston. At present, he is a Senior Manager of Nanotechnology Center of Excellence at Baker Hughes, one of the world-leading oil field services companies, and is also apponted as Adjunct Professor in the Department of Materials Science and Nanoengineering at Rice University. He has authored more than 300 publications and has been serving as an editorial board member of the journals of nanotechnology and materials

Abstract:

Studies of thermal transformations of naphthalene, octafluoronaphthalene and their binary mixtures under pressure of 8 GPa have been undertaken as models for gaining understanding of processes of carbonization, graphitization and diamond formation in pure hydrocarbon, fluorocarbon and carbon-hydrogen-fluorine-containing systems under high pressures. The studies found a significant reduction in the initiation temperature thresholds for all major thermal transformation processes in case of binary mixtures with respect to thresholds for pure naphthalene and fluoronaphthalene. The naphthalene-octafluoronaphthalene mixture was selected as an example for investigation of the nature of large scale formation of micro (5-20 μm) and nanosize (10-20 nm) fractions of diamond in the transformations of binary mixtures of hydrocarbon and fluorocarbon compounds under high pressures. The origin of nanodiamond was found to be due to the specifics of carbonization of fluorocarbon compounds under pressure, which at 800-1000 °Ð¡ produces, along with submicron particles of graphite-like material, a significant amount of closed shell 2-5 layer carbon nanoparticles of 5-15 nm size. These carbon nanoparticles act as precursors for formation of nanosize diamond fractions in the  transformations of binary mixtures of hydrocarbon and fluorocarbon compounds.  These results potentially open a new direction for metal catalyst-free synthesis of nano/micro-size fractions of pure and doped diamonds for broad areas of applications.

Biography:

Doctoral dissertation "Development of an comprehensive method of purification of gaseous emissions for heat generating plants" was performed in the period of work in the Southwest State University and is devoted to environmental protection. By category Protection of the environment is carried out constant research work within the framework of the tasks of the state budget and orders of thermal power enterprises in the city of Kursk over the past 20 years.  

Abstract:

The paper gives a brief assessment of the existing methods of purification of flue gases from nitrogen oxides and carbon dioxide. To improve the environmental safety of the heat source is proposed to consider it not only as a source of heat, but also as a chemical reactor capable of producing chemical products. Given example of innovative technical solutions for the treatment and disposal of flue gases with the release of carbon dioxide as a commercial product (RF patent â„–2371238, 2009) and given an approximate economic calculation for the implementation of this decision for the boiler capacity of 20 tons of steam per hour, running on natural gas, the average consumption of flue gases V=20000 m³/h and an average initial concentration of NO_x=3·10^–4 % RPM and СО₂=10% RPM. With the average efficiency of flue gas treatment of NO_x and СО₂ equal 70%. Accordingly, if the time of the boiler in the year, Тset=8000 hours, the number of captured and recycled, Ðœ_NOx=40 tons/year, of carbon dioxide, Ðœ_СО2= 22400 tons/year. It is shown that at current prices for produced with help heat generator heat and commercial carbon dioxide economic effect of the carbon dioxide is 3.5 times higher than the effect of the realization heat and, thus, there is a real opportunity to improve the economic efficiency of the heat generator by increasing its ecological security in the use innovative technical solutions for flue gas cleaning.

Biography:

Myungbae Kim has completed his PhD from Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology. He is the principal researcher of Korea Institue of Machinery & Materials and also the professor of Plant System and Machinery, Korea University of Science and Technology. His research interests include the spread of liquid pool and fire and explosion consequence analysis in the plant safety study.    

Abstract:

The study of liquid pool spreading plays an essential role in the quantitative risk assessment of accidentally released cryogenic liquids, such as LNG and liquefied hydrogen because the spreading of such liquids is the first step in the development of multi-staged accident sequences leading to a major disaster. There is a wide range of models used to describe the spreading of a cryogenic liquid pool. Many of these models require evaporation velocity, which has to be determined experimentally because the heat transfer process between the liquid pool and the surroundings is too complicated to be modeled. Measurement of the evaporation velocity had been conducted in the first place with a non-spreading pool that was formed by pouring of cryogenic liquid onto bounded ground instantaneously so that the discharge time was much smaller than the total evaporation time. Recently, the measurement methodology for a spreading pool was developed by the research team including the author. A constantly-released-flow onto unbounded ground was intended to generate the spreading pool because in almost all real accidents, a cryogenic liquid spills and spreads over a large or unbounded ground such that the pool spreading process should be taken into account. In case of the spreading pool, a greater release flow rate is found to result in a greater evaporation velocity, and the evaporation velocity decreases with the spreading time. Since the spreading pool in the author’s work receives heat more effectively from the ground as compared to the non-spreading pool, the measured evaporation velocities are much greater in the spreading pool than in the non-spreading pool. 

Biography:

Qiang Chen is a PhD student in Chemical Engineering at University of Alberta. He has completed his Master and Bachelor in China University of Petroleum. 

Abstract:

The fine mineral solids in Alberta oil sands are associated with a significant amount of organic matter. These organically-modified solids hinder bitumen aeration and stabilize water-in-oil emulsions, leading to low bitumen recovery and poor bitumen quality. The study of these organic coating on the fine solids has been elusive due to the nanometer length scale and the unsuitability of sampling in high vacuum sample chambers. In the present work, we report the first application of PeakForce Quantitative Nanomechanical Mapping (QNM) Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) to study the organic coating on the fine solids extracted from bitumen froth. Taking advantage of the simultaneous nano-scale resolution topographic imaging and adhesion mapping enabled by the PeakForce QNM-AFM, the mineral and organic components in the fine solids were distinguished due to their variations in shapes and mechanical properties. The organic coating on the clay minerals was clearly visualized on the adhesion maps, showing a patchy-distributed structure. The area percentage of the surface organic coverage on clay basal faces was calculated to be 17±6%, and the average thickness of the organic coating was estimated to be 1.4 nm based on the adhesion maps. The organic matter coated on bitumen froth fine solids, which cannot be washed off by toluene, was softer than the asphaltene fraction of oil sands bitumen.

The fine mineral solids in Alberta oil sands are associated with a significant amount of organic matter. These organically-modified solids hinder bitumen aeration and stabilize water-in-oil emulsions, leading to low bitumen recovery and poor bitumen quality. The study of these organic coating on the fine solids has been elusive due to the nanometer length scale and the unsuitability of sampling in high vacuum sample chambers. In the present work, we report the first application of PeakForce Quantitative Nanomechanical Mapping (QNM) Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) to study the organic coating on the fine solids extracted from bitumen froth. Taking advantage of the simultaneous nano-scale resolution topographic imaging and adhesion mapping enabled by the PeakForce QNM-AFM, the mineral and organic components in the fine solids were distinguished due to their variations in shapes and mechanical properties. The organic coating on the clay minerals was clearly visualized on the adhesion maps, showing a patchy-distributed structure. The area percentage of the surface organic coverage on clay basal faces was calculated to be 17±6%, and the average thickness of the organic coating was estimated to be 1.4 nm based on the adhesion maps. The organic matter coated on bitumen froth fine solids, which cannot be washed off by toluene, was softer than the asphaltene fraction of oil sands bitumen.

Biography:

Yujing Weng，a research assistant, is currenlty studying for his PhD in Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion (GIEC), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS). His research focus is on auqeous catalytic conversion of biomass sugar and polyol. Tiejun Wang is his doctoral tutor , lab director of biomass catalytic conversion department of GIEC. Wang has published more than 100 papers in reputed journals and has been serving as an editorial board member of repute.

Abstract:

Aromatics and cyclic-hydrocarbons are the significant components of jet fuel with high energy-density. However, conventional technologies on bio-fuel production can’t produce these products without further aromatization and isomerization. In this work, renewable liquid fuel with high content of aromatics and cyclic-hydrocarbons was obtained by aqueous catalytic conversion of biomass sorbitol over Ni-HZSM-5/SBA-15 catalyst. Texture characteristics of the catalyst were determined by physisorption of N₂, which indicated its bimodal pore structures with microporous (HZSM-5, pore width: 0.56nm) and mesoporous (SBA-15, pore width: 8 nm). The surface acidity included weak and strong acid sites, predominantly Lewis type, was further confirmed by the NH₃-TPD and Py-IR analysis. The catalytic performances were tested in a fixed-bed reactor under the conditions of 593 K, WHSV of 0.75 h^-1, GHSV of 2500 h^-1 and 4.0 MPa of hydrogen pressure. Whereby, oil yield of 40.4 wt% with aromatics and cyclic-hydrocarbons content of 80.0% was obtained.

Biography:

Zhongyuan Li has completed her PhD in 2012 from Tianjin University and have finish her two years postdoctoral research  from Ttianjin University School of Chemical Engineering and Technology. Right now, she is an academic visitor in the Cranfield University from UK. She has published more than 6 papers and the back ground is soil remediation, oil sands, biomass thermal conversion, CFD simulation and Process Simulation.  

Abstract:

The liquid–solid countercurrent fluidization process in an extraction column was numerically simulated based on the particle trajectory model of Eulerian–Lagrangian method. The simulation approach  for dimensionless slip velocity Uslip/Ut and hold-up fraction Ï•, and the operational zone in the countercurrent fluidization was determined. Simultaneous countercurrent fluidization of particles with different diameters was also simulated. The comparison shows that the simulation results are consistent with the calculation values from the multi-particle free sedimentation model based on non-interference assumption, verifying the reliability of the approach in present work.

Biography:

Dr. Mohammad Jamil has completed his PhD at the age of 39 years from Institute of organic chemistry with center of petroleum chemistry / Bulgaria. He has published more than  30 papers in reputed journals and has been serving as an editorial board member of repute. 

Abstract:

The oxidative degradation products formed under both the prolonged storage and thermal stress are a problem in the utilization of Kerosene fuels. Researchers are directed in developing fuel stabilizers that are increasingly cost-effective, do not degrade the performance of fuel and are environmentally acceptable. Our interest in anilines extracted from Iraqi crude oil has led to evidence that they are excellent antioxidant stabilizers for tetraline at elevated temperatures. The results of stability experiments for thermal and oxidative degradation of two crude Kerosene fuel samples obtained from al-Dora refinery with 0.20% sulfur contents (sample A), and from Kirkuk refinery with 0.25% sulfur contents (sample B) were evaluated in these stability tests in comparison with other well-known stabilizers. The samples were treated as follows:

1. They subjected to long period of storage (90 days) without any additives.

2. They exposed to thermal aging at elevated temperature (393K) without any additives for 3 hours. Chemical factors preventing formation of color, insoluble sediments and gums were studied by modeling generally accepted degradation mechanisms.

In this paper we will report our mechanistic investigation into the chemical details of the stabilization and effect of chemical structure of extracted N,N-P-methyl phenyl acetone (MPA) and N, N- phenyl acetone (PA)on the activity of deposits formation in kerosene in a comparison with 2, 6-di-t-butyl-4- methyl phenol (Unol), and tertiary alkyl primary aniline(TAPA) with 9, and 12 carbon atoms.

Keywords: Kerosene, Stability, Degradation, Deposits

Biography:

Mohammadreza Akbari , Date of Birth:  August , 01th , 1967. • M.Sc. Civil Engineering (Structural ), and Chemical Engineering(Refining), Tehran University, Tehran, Iran.

Fields of Interest: • Nonlinear Dynamic and Vibration (Effects of nonlinear Vibration on Structures associated with Fluid , Heat,Wave and Mass). • Nonlinear Chemical Reactors Design . •I have Authored 8 Books in the my country and Book Author “ Nonlinear Dynamic in Engineering by Akbari-Ganji's Method ” Publishing in USA (on the Google is visible) and this book is written by invented the myself method (AGM) , [Published:  11/11/2015   & ISBN:  978-1-51440-169-9].

Acknowledge:  AGM method has invented by Mohammadreza Akbari in 2014 and I am hope it will be serviced to all researchers in the engineering world, and as well as I am grateful to all everyone who helped me in any way possible in development this creation. We can certainly claim which AGM method can be very beneficial and high efficiency for analytical solving the set of coupled nonlinear differential equations (ODE , PDE ) at the practical field in engineering industries and basic sciences .

Abstract:

Comparing the obtained results by Numerical Method and AGM:

Biography:

Ryo Takahashi is Graduate School of Hirosaki University. He study combustion phenomena of liquid fuel in partial gravity environment  at Ito laboratory.

Abstract:

There are few combustion experiment reports of partial gravity environment such as Mars and Moon. The flame characteristics of pool fires such as their height vary depending on gravity. To improve our understanding of the effects of gravity on flame characteristics, we experimentally investigated small-scale pool fires under conditions of normal to partial gravity; using the drop tower at Hirosaki University in Japan to obtain arbitrary partial gravity conditions, which varied from 1G to 0.55G. We performed the measurement of the temperature distribution with a fine thermocouple and that of the flame height with a digital camera. To clarify the effect of gravity on the heat feedback of pool fire, we estimated the convective and radiative heat feedback amount to the fuel surface based on the temperature distribution. From these analyses, we made clear that the heat feedback amount of pool fires decreases under partial gravity environment. We also discussed the effect of gravity on the liquid phase of fuel based on results.